What is Canine Skin Fold Dermatitis in Dogs
Skin fold dermatitis in dogs, also known as intertrigo, occurs due to friction between two opposing skin folds. Skin folds on the face and tail are not uncommon in certain breeds, including America’s favorites, Frenchie’s and Bulldogs. The constant friction damages the skin cells, leading to inflammation and bacterial overgrowth. Treatment typically includes topical therapy, which may involve applying medicated creams or ointments to the affected areas to reduce inflammation and control bacterial growth.
Collecting samples from creased areas of skin can be challenging due to their location and the risk of causing further trauma. Note that skin fold dermatitis can range from mild inflammation to severe ulcerations, indicating deeper issues may be involved.
Causes of Skin Fold Dermatitis in Dogs
The close apposition of skin with excessive folds, often seen in certain breeds due to breeding practices, is a primary cause of skin fold dermatitis. Classic examples include brachycephalic breeds, such as the French Bulldog and the English Bulldog.
The primary cause of skin fold dermatitis is close contact between skin surfaces, resulting in irritation and reduced air circulation. This creates a moist, warm environment that encourages the overgrowth of microbial organisms, primarily bacteria. They produce toxins and breakdown products that result in irritation, inflammation, and maceration of the skin.
The bacteria penetrate deeper into the underlying layers of the skin, causing ongoing infection and inflammation. The skin folds harbor and retain abnormal secretions; in facial folds, these may include tears and saliva, while tail folds may contain urine, feces, and/or waxy sebum, leading to further bacterial growth.
Note that allergic skin diseases and hormonal issues, such as low thyroid levels, are sometimes involved in the development of skin fold dermatitis.
Diagnosis of Skin Fold Dermatitis in Dogs
The history and signs of canine skin fold dermatitis are usually classic. Skin fold dermatitis is marked by redness, discharge, and unpleasant odors in the areas where skin surfaces are in close contact. Chronic lesions often result in hyperpigmentation and skin thickening.
Samples of cells may be collected; this process is known as cytology. Cytology reports reveal the microbial population present, typically a mixed community of bacteria and yeast. A biopsy involves removing a sample of skin or tissue, which is then examined under a microscope by a pathologist to obtain a definitive diagnosis.
Skin Fold Dermatitis, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment Options, Prevention Tips
Skin Fold Dermatitis (also known as intertrigo) is a skin condition that occurs when the moist, warm, and poorly ventilated areas between skin folds become irritated, inflamed, or infected. It’s common in pets—especially dogs—with wrinkly skin or excessive folds, such as:
- Bulldogs
- Pugs
- Shar-Peis
- Basset Hounds
- Some obese animals with skin folds in unusual places
🔍 Causes:
- Friction between skin folds
- Moisture and sweat buildup
- Trapped debris, bacteria, or yeast
- Poor grooming or hygiene
🚩 Symptoms:
- Redness and irritation between folds
- Foul odor
- Discharge or pus
- Itching or rubbing
- Crusting or scabbing
🩺 Treatment:
- Gently cleaning and drying affected areas
- Topical antibiotics or antifungals (if infection is present)
- Keeping folds dry and clean daily
- In severe or chronic cases, surgical removal of deep folds may be considered
✅ Prevention Tips:
- Daily cleaning of skin folds (especially in warm weather)
- Regular grooming and trimming of fur around folds
- Use of pet-safe medicated wipes or drying powders
- Maintain a healthy weight to reduce excess skin folds
Dr. Carol Osborne, DVM
Dr. Carol Osborne, DVM, is a practicing integrative veterinarian and a nationally recognized leader, speaker, educator, and advocate in the field of functional medicine. She is the founder and director of the Chagrin Falls Veterinary Center and Pet Clinic and an Emmy-nominated television journalist. Her first two books, Naturally Healthy Dogs and Naturally Healthy Cats hit the international best-seller lists. She is a regular contributor to several television shows and networks including FOX & Friends, The Today Show, Discovery’s Animal Planet, and Good Day LA.Dr. Carol is board-certified in Anti-Aging Medicine and developed and patented PAAWS: Pet Anti-Aging Wellness System for dogs and cats. Today she has turned her passion for functional pet medicine, real food, nutrition, and wellness into activism. Dr. Osborne is leading a pet health revolution that challenges us to reimagine our pet’s biology and the process of aging to create and sustain your pet’s health for life. Learn more at http://www.chagrinfallspetclinic.com
