CANINE ZINC TOXICITY
Anemia results from a low number of red blood cells in the circulation. Red blood cells normally carry oxygen and vital nutrients to all tissues of the body. Anemia can occur because not enough red blood cells are produced or because excess numbers are lost, as with hemorrhage or are destroyed because of a disease or toxins, like Zinc.
Hemolysis is defined as the destruction of red blood cells which normally occurs in the spleen and is how old red blood cells are normally removed. Certain conditions can cause excessive destruction and can result in Hemolytic Anemia.
In 1983, the US Government began minting pennies made of zinc coated in copper instead of pure copper. Puppies and kittens often swallow pennies. This is how Zinc Toxicity became recognized.
Other sources of zinc include nuts and bolts and zinc oxide based skin preparations like diaper rash ointment and sunscreen.
CLINICAL SIGNS
The signs of Zinc Toxicity include:
* Vomiting, diarrhea, and red-colored urine.
* A yellowish color to the gums and Jaundice resulting from liver failure.
* Kidney failure can also occur.
DIAGNOSIS
Zinc is visible on x-rays and should be removed promptly.
TREATMENT
Support is crucial. Fluids are important to prevent kidney failure. A blood transfusion may be necessary to replace red cells in severe anemia. Some dogs also need anti-nausea medication.
Many people are unaware of this because this is a very recently described problem.
PREVENTION
Puppy-proof your home.